mercoledì 7 ottobre 2015

Talikwo, Terrestrial (language) - Lesson 2

Lesson 2 - Parts of speech


As in other languages, also in Talikwo words are composed of roots, prefixes and suffixes.


Nouns

In Talikwo singular nouns have the suffix -o, plural nouns the suffix -i.

Examples:

Talikwo English
Singular Plural Singular Plural
owto owti dog dogs
satwiso satwisi sandwitch sandwitches
wilo wili human being/son/doughter human beings/sons/doughters
wiliwo wiliwi woman/doughter women/doughters
wilolo wiloli man/son men/sons

The suffix -ol- is needed to have the male form and -iw- to have the female form.


Adjectives/adverbs

The suffix for adjectives and adverbs is -a.

Examples:

Talikwo English
powa good/well
iowa young/youthfully
luka red
lapita quick/quickly

There are adverbs that do not derive from a root.

Examples:

Talikwo English
alpawaw at least
apawaw just
paltaw soon
as even
iàm already
iàw here’s/here are
iàlaw yesterday
otiaw today
polkaw tomorrow
wow now
wol only
tlo too much

These adverbs are roots, from which we can have nouns (adding -o or -i) or other adjectives/adverbs. From otiaw we can have otiàwa, that means “of today”, and otiàwo, that means “the today”. From tlo we have tloa, that mans excessive.


Infinitive of verbs

The suffix for infinitive of verbs is -al, and the accent is on this “a”.

Examples:

Talikwo English
walal to do
tilal to say
tolpal to sleep
wawko victory
wawki victories
wawka victorious/victoriously
wawkal to win
loto game
loti games
lota playful/playfully
lotal to play
kowoso confusion
kowosi confusions
kowosa confused
kowosal to confuse


The article

The definite article in Talikwo is “la”. There are no indefinite article.
Examples:

Talikwo English
kato (a) cat
la kato the cat
la katolo the (male) cat
la katiwo the (female) cat
la kati the cats
la katoli the (male) cats
la katiwi the (female) cats
la pia kato my cat
alpo (a) tree
la alpo the tree
la alpi the trees

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